1 00:00:39,070 --> 00:00:48,040 Rights and Responsibilities of a citizen is an enormous concern and more so in these digital times.

2 00:00:48,050 --> 00:00:57,120 We are citizens of our community, our town, our country, the world and not too long ago

3 00:00:57,130 --> 01:03,020 we now have claimed space beyond our physical world ,

4 00:01:03,030 --> 00:01:09,050 beyond our plains, mountains, waters and beyond the air we breathe.

5 00:01:09,060 --> 00:01:10,220 When you think about it …

6 00:01:11,029 --> 00:01:14,741 what is this space that we are talking about?

7 00:01:14,783 --> 00:01:17,953 Space is nothingness… until we touch it.

8 00:01:17,995 --> 00:01:21,790 And the more we touch it the more we have space…

9 00:01:21,832 --> 00:01:23,417 it is limitless.

10 00:01:23,458 --> 00:01:30,173 For those who know how to harness and access this great resource digitally

11 00:01:30,215 --> 00:01:32,509 comes enormous power.

12 00:01:32,551 --> 00:01:35,512 We are all in this web

13 00:01:35,554 --> 00:01:44,896 that is ubiquitous, connected, allowing non-stop construction of data, concepts, ideas,

14 00:01:44,938 --> 00:01:52,362 information through a communication process of interactivity in a continuing

15 00:01:52,404 --> 00:01:56,241 accelerated mode fuelled by us…

16 00:01:56,283 --> 00:01:58,368 billions of users.

17 00:01:58,410 --> 00:02:04,333 A combination of people and machines with artificial intelligence talking to each other.

18 00:02:04,374 --> 00:02:07,919 Exchanging stories and creating realities.

19 00:02:07,961 --> 00:02:11,214 As in our physical world we have learned

20 00:02:11,256 --> 00:02:16,720 that the created power of information, communication and traditional media

21 00:02:16,762 --> 00:02:21,391 has afforded access and space to a limited sector.

22 00:02:21,433 --> 00:02:23,769 Now, social media,

23 00:02:23,810 --> 00:02:26,184 multimedia and new media

24 00:02:26,146 --> 02:31,985 in general have afforded us, the everyday citizen the ability to connect,

25 00:02:32,027 --> 00:02:33,695 relay our stories…

26 00:02:33,737 --> 00:02:36,865 ideas, concepts, constructs,

27 00:02:36,907 --> 00:02:40,952 through photographs graphics, multimedia, sound,

28 00:02:40,994 --> 00:02:44,748 moving images like animation and videos

29 00:02:44,790 --> 00:02:48,126 by us for us and others to access.

30 00:02:48,168 --> 00:02:51,797 As we have become more connected to many

31 00:02:51,838 --> 00:02:55,634 we become more aware of our expanding community

32 00:02:55,675 --> 00:03:00,180 and that we have the right to use this virtual platform

33 00:03:00,222 --> 00:03:03,308 to create our own personal communities of choice…

34 00:03:03,350 --> 00:03:06,937 Networking, linking and choosing to collaborate,

35 00:03:06,978 --> 00:03:10,774 create works with many other individuals.

36 00:03:10,816 --> 00:03:14,569 Or one may prefer to do things on their own.

37 00:03:14,569 --> 00:03:17,280 This becomes a choice.

38 00:03:17,322 --> 00:03:19,282 Let's talk about "rights".

39 00:03:19,324 --> 00:03:25,205 In today’s digital world, we make extensive use of technology,

40 00:03:25,247 --> 00:03:30,085 computers, electronic devices and communications networks.

41 00:03:30,127 --> 00:03:34,089 And when we talk about digital rights therefore,

42 00:03:34,131 --> 00:03:35,132 we are talking about

43 00:03:35,173 --> 00:03:40,637 a person’s right to access, create, use, interact

44 00:03:40,679 --> 00:03:47,185 and express oneself and publish in cyberspace, the Internet.

45 00:03:47,227 --> 00:03:51,648 right to Internet access and use refers to

46 00:03:51,690 --> 00:03:53,608 freedom of expression,

47 00:03:53,650 --> 00:03:58,488 freedom to access information and freedom to opinion

48 00:03:58,530 --> 00:04:02,117 The right to Internet access and use today,

49 00:04:02,159 --> 00:04:07,330 is already recognized in laws enacted in several countries.

50 00:04:07,372 --> 00:04:12,127 These rights are freedom of expression, freedom to information

51 00:04:12,169 --> 00:04:15,964 everyone has the right to freedom of opinion as well …

52 00:04:16,006 --> 00:04:23,054 to hold opinions, to find, receive and disseminate information and ideas,

53 00:04:23,096 --> 00:04:28,977 orally, written and in the form of artworks through any media…

54 00:04:29,019 --> 00:04:37,444 in an environment … all of us have these rights at all times.

55 00:04:37,486 --> 00:04:42,949 However there is no one digital government that powers,

56 00:04:42,991 --> 00:04:49,956 regulates and controls the content that stays and travels the internet.

57 00:04:49,998 --> 00:04:57,380 But there are some serious dissent coming from groups, governments, and institutions

58 00:04:57,422 --> 00:05:03,011 that find discomfort in an unregulated space

59 00:05:03,053 --> 00:05:09,392 for billions of voices engaging in trillions of conversations

60 00:05:09,434 --> 00:05:13,772 which challenges free flow of information,

61 00:05:13,813 --> 00:05:18,068 freedom of expression and construction of opinions.

62 00:05:18,109 --> 00:05:23,323 And some lead to situations of threat of libel,

63 00:05:23,365 --> 00:05:29,079 elimination of those who oppose dominant views and even the forcing of pressure

64 00:05:29,120 --> 00:05:33,333 on those who support and sponsor freedom of speech,

65 00:05:33,375 --> 00:05:42,092 opinions and expression which create a strong undemocratic culture in societies.

66 00:05:42,133 --> 00:05:46,763 In societies with a long history of colonial rule,

67 00:05:46,805 --> 00:05:52,227 authoritarian government and with unstable political environment

68 00:05:52,269 --> 00:05:59,276 there is a predisposition to overly be controlling and regulating

69 00:05:59,317 --> 00:06:04,864 freedoms of speech, expression, and dissemination of opinions.

70 00:06:04,906 --> 00:06:11,329 In societies where its people, governments, and institutions

71 00:06:11,371 --> 00:06:15,542 are perceived to be in a democratic environment,

72 00:06:15,584 --> 00:06:20,505 there is an expectation of emerging active e-societies

73 00:06:20,547 --> 00:06:28,346 for their governments and institutions to accommodate and work for free flow of infor-mation,

74 00:06:28,388 --> 00:06:35,103 communication and for maximizing the affordances of e-technologies.

75 00:06:35,145 --> 00:06:42,152 In these societies there is a strong clamour for government protection

76 00:06:42,193 --> 00:06:49,242 and respect for the freedom of expression and freedom of information for its citizens.

77 00:06:49,284 --> 00:06:53,246 Here we see the rise of social networking,

78 00:06:53,288 --> 00:07:01,254 e-government services, e-commerce, individual ownership to mobile gadgets and equipment

79 00:07:01,296 --> 00:07:09,596 and the access and maximization of the use of available broadband and infrastructure.

80 00:07:09,638 --> 00:07:15,518 The proliferation of e-communities and networking,

81 00:07:15,560 --> 00:07:19,648 affordable broadband, wireless access services,

82 00:07:19,689 --> 00:07:22,609 public and open mobile applications,

83 00:07:22,651 --> 00:07:28,907 searchable open facilities like e-repositories and e-libraries

84 00:07:28,948 --> 00:07:34,412 make the movement of ideas instantaneous and ubiquitous.

85 00:07:34,454 --> 00:07:37,332 Now, let's talk about "right to privacy"

86 00:07:37,374 --> 00:07:43,838 The right to privacy in the context of the digital technologies are continuing to emerge and advance.

87 00:07:43,880 --> 00:07:48,385 The maturity of ICT has changed the digital landscape

88 00:07:48,426 --> 00:07:54,724 as an efficient automated instrument for real-time communication and information-sharing

89 00:07:54,766 --> 00:08:01,564 and networking reaching all those who want and can access global debates,

90 00:08:01,606 --> 00:08:05,235 expanding the democratic space, of course,

91 00:08:05,276 --> 00:08:10,198 for thickening the discoursse on countless important concerns.

92 00:08:10,240 --> 00:08:17,580 This, therefore, is a good sign of resonating the voices of defenders with progressive ideas

93 00:08:17,622 --> 00:08:24,421 that push for critical thinking which help to expose abuses, to help improve lives of people.

94 00:08:24,462 --> 00:08:31,052 However, the advancement of technology also allows the tapping into the privacy of individuals

95 00:08:31,094 --> 00:08:36,891 who are read or misread to be seditious revolutionaries.

96 00:08:36,933 --> 00:08:41,688 Though these are advanced technology for free flow of ideas,

97 00:08:41,730 --> 00:08:48,945 these same advanced technologies are used for surveillance and interception,

98 00:08:48,987 --> 00:08:52,741 these technologies are being designed and harnessed

99 00:08:52,782 --> 00:08:56,286 to efficiently gather, store data

100 00:08:56,327 --> 00:09:01,541 to be used in violation of individual's rights to privacy,

101 00:09:01,583 --> 00:09:07,589 we must speak up against these practices that leave societies vulnerable

102 00:09:07,630 --> 00:09:10,884 to this chilling effect in the environment.

103 00:09:10,925 --> 00:09:13,553 Let's talk about "right to development".

104 00:09:13,595 --> 00:09:17,640 And together with this, "right to education",

105 00:09:17,682 --> 00:09:20,185 "rights of the consumer",

106 00:09:20,226 --> 00:09:22,979 and "right to use multi-languages".

107 00:09:23,021 --> 00:09:27,567 The right to development refers to the right to education,

108 00:09:27,609 --> 00:09:32,030 the right of the consumer and the right to use multi-languages

109 00:09:32,072 --> 00:09:40,413 The right to development refers to one's being able to harness one's skills, talent and potentials.

110 00:09:40,455 --> 00:09:46,628 In this digital times when the cities of the world suffer traffic congestion,

111 00:09:46,669 --> 00:09:53,134 and also high cost of transport compromises one's mobility.

112 00:09:53,176 --> 00:10:00,558 There then is the rise of people working from home and studying from home or from anywhere.

113 00:10:00,600 --> 00:10:05,230 The right to education is important to discuss at this point.

114 00:10:05,271 --> 00:10:10,068 We have come across declarations that knowledge must be free.

115 00:10:10,110 --> 00:10:15,949 In this time of maturity in the digital environment of eTeaching and eLearning

116 00:10:15,990 --> 00:10:22,914 and with the availability of open educational resources and massive open online courses,

117 00:10:22,956 --> 00:10:28,628 both basic and higher education systems, private and government

118 00:10:28,670 --> 00:10:32,799 have moved into harnessing this situation.

119 00:10:32,841 --> 00:10:36,344 In the Philippines, there has been a law passed.

120 00:10:36,386 --> 00:10:42,517 R.A. 10650 where the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority,

121 00:10:42,559 --> 00:10:44,894 the Commission on Higher Education,

122 00:10:44,936 --> 00:10:52,151 and the UP Open University, a fully online constituent university of the University of the Philippines,

123 00:10:52,193 --> 00:10:56,781 were named as the institutions to develop, collaborate

124 00:10:56,823 --> 00:11:04,163 and help bring all training and education institutions to be technologically enhanced

125 00:11:04,205 --> 00:11:09,794 and enable them to excel in e-pedagogies for open distance learning.

126 00:11:09,836 --> 00:11:16,384 Coming from Right to Education... talking about right to development refers to

127 00:11:16,426 --> 00:11:21,055 the protection of the right of consumers as well.

128 00:11:21,097 --> 00:11:26,769 While e-commerce has come to a certain maturity in practice,

129 00:11:26,811 --> 00:11:33,693 its laws have not caught up to address the purely online businesses.

130 00:11:33,735 --> 00:11:39,490 Businesses which have no physical presence in the countries they operate in.

131 00:11:39,532 --> 00:11:44,954 We require respect for the consumer rights which means consumer protection

132 00:11:44,996 --> 00:11:51,419 that provides for individuals to fight back against abusive business practices.

133 00:11:51,461 --> 00:11:56,841 It is our right that sellers of goods and providers of services

134 00:11:56,883 --> 00:12:04,557 be accountable when they profit by taking advantage of a consumer's lack of information,

135 00:12:04,599 --> 00:12:09,395 stripped of bargaining power which brings unfair practice,

136 00:12:09,437 --> 00:12:14,150 misrepresentation and outright fraud into focus.

137 00:12:14,192 --> 00:12:21,741 Since the study of accountability of digital business establishments are still in the offing,

138 00:12:21,783 --> 00:12:29,248 let us make sure that we arm ourselves with comprehensive and correct information

139 00:12:29,290 --> 00:12:36,589 to be able to make informed decisions in our transactions and engagements online.

140 00:12:36,631 --> 00:12:41,094 Though there are cases of negative experiences in general,

141 00:12:41,135 --> 00:12:47,934 it is still most important that the developing countries and its governments see the

142 00:12:47,976 --> 00:12:55,066 digital phenomenon as a positive development contributing to inclusive growth

143 00:12:55,108 --> 00:13:01,280 and respect for cultural diversity and that the use of multi-languages

144 00:13:01,322 --> 00:13:03,783 leads to understanding other cultures

145 00:13:03,825 --> 00:13:09,914 and that it also promotes the sustainability and continuous growth of cultures.

146 00:13:09,956 --> 00:13:13,209 The integrity of languages is strengthened

147 00:13:13,251 --> 00:13:20,633 with its constant use which is the core and driver of the richness of cultures.

148 00:13:20,675 --> 00:13:25,972 The concept of Digital Citizenship has already become a serious concern

149 00:13:26,014 --> 00:13:32,687 but must be continuously defined and redefined by us, the users.

150 00:13:32,729 --> 00:13:36,899 We must be committed to the concept of Digital Citizenship

151 00:13:36,941 --> 00:13:40,778 and must take our rights seriously and protect them.

152 00:13:40,820 --> 00:13:44,657 Now, let's talk about responsibilities.

153 00:13:44,699 --> 00:13:50,163 As we give importance to digital rights, we equally give seriousness

154 00:13:50,204 --> 00:13:55,460 to digital responsibilities in the light of digital citizenship.

155 00:13:55,501 --> 00:14:01,215 We should be aware of accompanying responsibilities that come with our rights

156 00:14:01,257 --> 00:14:04,385 and the praxis of which will help guide

157 00:14:04,427 --> 00:14:11,059 the integration of technology into new areas with care and appropriateness.

158 00:14:11,100 --> 00:14:14,896 We have to do this with diligence and rigour.

159 00:14:14,937 --> 00:14:20,318 There is so much that is asked of us as digital citizens.

160 00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:25,615 Let us make sure that we make our digital environment secure, safe

161 00:14:25,656 --> 00:14:30,995 and enhanced and sustained with care and sobriety.

162 00:14:31,037 --> 00:14:33,915 We talk of responsibilities, so, the first one...

163 00:14:33,956 --> 00:14:39,712 monitoring, with vigilance, bullying, harassment and stalking

164 00:14:39,754 --> 00:14:44,675 First, there must be efforts in monitoring with vigilance on our part...

165 00:14:44,717 --> 00:14:53,351 bullying, harassment and stalking by individuals, groups and institutions including governments.

166 00:14:53,392 --> 00:15:00,983 The internet is such a vast space for massive social networking and social interactivity.

167 00:15:01,025 --> 00:15:07,198 We, as its citizens, must lead and take the opportunity to be the supervisors

168 00:15:07,240 --> 00:15:10,952 and take a stock of what is happening in all aspects.

169 00:15:10,993 --> 00:15:15,665 There will always be attempts by bullies, predators and thieves

170 00:15:15,706 --> 00:15:20,753 cloaked with apparent institutional and commercial legitimacy

171 00:15:20,795 --> 00:15:27,635 who will take advantage of the environment that lacks interested sectors in monitoring activities

172 00:15:27,677 --> 00:15:34,142 in the internet that threaten having a healthy and safe digital environment.

173 00:15:34,183 --> 00:15:39,981 So it is us, digital citizen, who will take the role.

174 00:15:40,022 --> 00:15:44,172 We claim our voices in the digital space

175 00:15:44,193 --> 00:15:47,843 and craft our works and upload them.. then

176 00:15:47,864 --> 00:15:51,513 we have to take responsibility in making sure

177 00:15:51,534 --> 00:15:57,394 that in the same way we want others to respect our work, we must do the same.

178 00:15:57,415 --> 00:16:01,398 Treat with respect the space and opinions of others.

179 00:16:01,419 --> 00:16:07,279 But what is likewise important is we do not put ourselves

180 00:16:07,300 --> 00:16:12,367 in a position where we are abused and taken advantage of

181 00:16:12,388 --> 00:16:16,830 and certainly not to tolerate such a situation.

182 00:16:16,851 --> 00:16:19,541 Report it when it happens.

183 00:16:19,562 --> 00:16:20,959 Number two...

184 00:16:20,980 --> 00:16:25,964 Contribute to internet safety and security.

185 00:16:25,985 --> 00:16:31,887 What is best is not to chronicle all that you do in your facebook.

186 00:16:31,908 --> 00:16:34,765 Do not reveal too much in social media.

187 00:16:34,785 --> 00:16:40,270 Do not be tempted to tell everyone all and everything that happens to you.

188 00:16:40,291 --> 00:16:42,731 This might compromise your safety,

189 00:16:42,752 --> 00:16:47,736 even safety of your family and maybe some of your friends as well.

190 00:16:47,757 --> 00:16:52,616 Always be aware of breach of one's security

191 00:16:52,637 --> 00:16:56,495 may happen when too much is freely revealed.

192 00:16:56,515 --> 00:17:02,334 Social sites open up opportunities for predators to victimize

193 00:17:02,355 --> 00:17:08,924 the most vulnerable sectors like women, children... the uninformed.

194 00:17:08,945 --> 00:17:13,220 But it also does not spare anyone of us.

195 00:17:13,241 --> 00:17:18,308 So it is very important that we heighten our sensibilities to detect

196 00:17:18,329 --> 00:17:22,938 threats and risks to our safety and security.

197 00:17:22,959 --> 00:17:28,402 Three, to be knowledgeable of the consensus on digital etiquette

198 00:17:28,422 --> 00:17:31,113 popularly known as Netiquette.

199 00:17:31,133 --> 00:17:37,244 Netiquette is a collective unofficial general rules or conventions

200 00:17:37,265 --> 00:17:43,875 of accepted polite behaviour in digital social settings and situations

201 00:17:43,896 --> 00:17:51,341 making use of online communication such as the internet, email, chatrooms, discussions boards

202 00:17:51,362 --> 00:17:54,845 and texting in our mobile phones.

203 00:17:54,865 --> 00:18:00,559 Netiquette is derived from words "internet" and "etiquette".

204 00:18:00,580 --> 00:18:06,648 Netiquette, however, may vary from one culture to another.

205 00:18:06,669 --> 00:18:12,612 Four, awareness and understanding the Digital Law.

206 00:18:12,633 --> 00:18:19,536 We must learn and understand the laws that govern internet conduct, use and activities.

207 00:18:19,557 --> 00:18:24,583 Know and understand digital copyright procedures

208 00:18:24,603 --> 00:18:29,045 but also understand the concept of Open Educational Resources

209 00:18:29,066 --> 00:18:31,798 and the concept of Creative Commons.

210 00:18:31,819 --> 00:18:38,763 Be familiar with websites and other practices that involve software pirating

211 00:18:38,784 --> 00:18:43,059 but understand what open data and open source mean as well.

212 00:18:43,080 --> 00:18:46,813 Be aware of possible internet scams,

213 00:18:46,834 --> 00:18:48,940 identity theft,

214 00:18:48,961 --> 00:18:52,736 and hackers possibly invading your system.

215 00:18:52,757 --> 00:18:54,446 Remember...

216 00:18:54,467 --> 00:19:00,702 what is most important is to know our rights and our responsibilities

217 00:19:00,723 --> 00:19:06,666 as digital citizens in our fast expanding world.